Export control refers to the regulations and laws that govern the transfer of goods, services, technology, and information from one country to another. These controls are typically implemented by governments to:

1. Protect national security interests

2. Prevent the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction

3. Support foreign policy objectives

4. Safeguard economic interests and competitiveness

Key aspects of export control include:

1. Controlled items: Specific products, technologies, or information subject to regulation

2. Licensing requirements: Procedures for obtaining permission to export controlled items

3. Screening processes: Checking recipients and end-users against restricted parties lists

4. Documentation: Maintaining records of exports and related transactions

Export controls can apply to physical shipments, electronic transfers, and even verbal exchanges of information. They affect various industries, including aerospace, defense, technology, and research institutions.